Jennifer S. Mindell
Excess passenger weight impacts on US transportation systems fuel use (1970–2010)
Michelle Tom, Paul Fischbeck, Chris Hendrickson
Highlights
- We estimate excess passenger weight in US transportation systems from 1970 to 2010.
- We determine excess passenger weight impacts on US transportation systems.
- We quantify fuel use, GHG emissions, and fuel costs due to excess passenger weight.
- Impacts for light-duty vehicles, transit systems, and passenger aircraft are studied.
- Since 1970, 1.1% of transportation fuel use has been due to excess passenger weight.
Can social marketing make 20 mph the new norm?
Sarah Toy, Alan Tapp, Charles Musselwhite, Adrian Davis
Highlights
- 20 mph speed limits (and 30 kph limits) are increasing in importance as they roll out across the UK and Europe.
- Attitudinal support is high in the UK but there are concerns about driver non-compliance.
- Social marketing approaches may be helpful in influencing behaviour.
- Interventions may be best deployed across different segments of the population in different ways.
- A ‘diffusion’ model may be appropriate, in which ‘pragmatic’/mainstream drivers are influenced to conform because they perceive 20 mph limits as ‘normal’.
Effects of a Danish multicomponent physical activity intervention on active school transport
Lars B. Christiansen, Mette Toftager, Annette K. Ersbøll, Jens Troelsen
Highlights
- Evaluation of a multicomponent intervention on active school transport (AST).
- Baseline AST, perceived route safety and attitude towards cycling was veryhigh.
- The proportion of active trips was 87% at follow-up with no intervention effect.
- Lack of effect was due to both incomplete implementation and high baseline level.
- A trend towards effect was seen for attitude and parental encouragement.
Heather Jones, Kiron Chatterjee, Selena Gray
Highlights
- Individual change and stability in walking and cycling is poorly understood.
- Retrospective methods offer a life course perspective on these behaviours.
- We present a novel application of a biographical approach on the topic.
- Longitudinal typologies reveal common and distinct trajectories of walking and cycling.
- Findings can inform policy to support life-long walking and cycling.
P.Kelly, A. Doherty, A. Mizdrak, S. Marshall, J. Kerr, A. Legge, S. Godbole, H. Badland, M. Oliver, C. Foster
Highlights
- We compare self-reported travel behaviour to objective data from wearable cameras.
- We examine journey mode and duration and daily summary travel frequency and duration.
- Results suggest excellent validity for self-reported mode of travel.
- Journey and daily travel duration have small biases at the group level.
- Journey and daily travel duration have very low reliability at the individual measurement level.
The health implications of inequalities in travel
Roger L. Mackett
Highlights
- Large differences exist in the volumes of travel by various groups in society.
- These differences are decreasing over time.
- There are large differences in access between urban and rural areas.
- Cultural factors contribute to differences in access.
- Casualty rates and vehicle emissions impact more on the poor than the rich.
Danzhu (Anna)Chen, Daniel Fuller